1.)  Force:  Any action between two bodies which changes, or tends to change, their relative condition as to rest or motion; or, more generally, which changes, or tends to change, any physical relation between them, whether mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, or of any other kind; as, the force of gravity; cohesive force; centrifugal force. Expressed as F force is equal to mass times acceleration....F equals  MA!!!!! so in bowling to get more force on the ball which is mass...you would have to accelerate it more which is by putting more force into rolling the ball.

         2.)  Friction:  the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another.  It is a force in the opposite direction of the force applied...Force Friction is equal to mu times Force Normal...usually bowling lanes are waxed to reduce friction...and this effects the ball because if you give the ball spin...or put english on the ball...and there is a lot of friction the ball will move more towards 1 side than if there is less friction due to the wax on the lane.

         3.)  Mass:  The quantity of matter which a body contains, irrespective of its bulk or volume.  Expressed in kilograms...forever and ever and ever...bowling balls with more mass are heavier than balls with less mass because of weight...which is gravity times mass or 9.8m/s^2 times the mass (m).

         4.)  Acceleration:  a rate of change of velocity expressed as m/s/s or m/s^2...velocity per unit time...the acceleration of the bowling ball would be the velocity at which the ball traveled divided by the amount of time it took the ball to reach the pins. 

        5.)  Momentum:  The quantity of motion in a moving body, being always proportioned to the quantity of matter multiplied into the velocity; impetus...expressed as p...momentume is equal to mass times velocity.  A bowling ball that has a greater mass traveling at the same velocity will have more momentum going towards the pins than a bowling ball with less mass traveling at the same velocity...therefore you would have to make the lighter bowling ball have more velocity to make it equal a larger bowling ball's momentum.

         6.)  Inertia:  That property of matter by which it tends when at rest to remain so, and when in motion to continue in motion, and in the same straight line or direction, unless acted on by some external force; -- sometimes called visinerti[ae].  Anything at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside object...to put it easier.  The pins in the bowling alley are at rest and have no movement until the outside force the bowling ball comes toward them and then they go all over the place. 

        7.)  Energy:  Capacity for performing work....the capability to do work...there are 2 kinds of energy...potential and kinetic energy...potential energy is stored energy and kinetic is moving energy....in bowling when the bowler brings the ball as far back as possible he has the greatest amount of potential energy and that is transferred to kinetic energy as it rolls towards the pins.